In September, they resumed their trek, stopping in Lahaul and Spiti villages to reap their summer harvest and seed their winter crop.In April, they headed north and spent the summer in Lahaul and Spiti.They spend the winter in the scrub forests of the Siwalik range’s lower elevations, grazing their flocks.The views from where Gaddis migrated to this hilly state do not agree. The truth of their origins is hidden inside the state’s popular beliefs. The Gaddi Tribe’s origins are unknown, and they believe their ancestors migrated from the plains due to a lack of security or foreign invasions. The Gaddi are a semi-pastoral and agricultural Indo Aryan ethnolinguistic group mostly found in the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir. The cattle grazed on the low hill when the high mountains were snowed in. The Bakarwals were back on the move by the end of September, this time on their journey down to their winter base.The grasses that grew supplied excellent feed for the animal herds. The snow had gone by the time summer arrived, and the mountainsides were lush green.They approached the Kashmir valley after passing via the Pir Panjal passes. Several homes joined forces for this expedition, forming a kafila. At the end of April, they began their northern march to their summer grazing pastures.The dry scrub forests here feed their cows. They resided on the low hills of the Shivalik range with their herds during the winter, when the high mountains were covered in snow.Moving between their summer and winter grazing locations on an annual basis, they established themselves in the area. Many of them came to this area in search of grass for their animals in the nineteenth century.They can be found throughout the Kashmir region between India and Pakistan, as well as in Nuristan Province in northeast Afghanistan. They are seasonal travelling goatherders and shepherds who migrate their herds from one location to another. As a nomadic tribe, they spanned a broad area, from the Pir Panjal Range to the Hindukush to Ladakh, all of which are located in South Asia’s Himalayan mountains. In Jammu and Kashmir, the Bakarwals and Gujjar communities were designated as Scheduled Tribes in 1991. Pastoral Nomads and their Movements Mountains

Many groups living in the arctic, for example, are reindeer herders who are semi-nomadic, following fodder for their animals. Nomadism is also a way of life adapted to barren environments such as the steppe, tundra, or ice and sand, where movement is the most efficient approach for exploiting scarce resources. Pastoralists raise tamed livestock herds, driving or accompanying them in patterns that minimize depleting pastures beyond their ability to recover. ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Examīy far the earliest human subsistence mode is nomadic hunting and gathering (following seasonally accessible wild foods and games).ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys.GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys.

Pastoral nomad